Web-based Support Systems

Preface

Contents

List of Contributors

Part I Web-Based Support Systems for Specific Domains

1 Context-Aware Adaptation in Web-Based Groupware Systems

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 The Web and the Collaboration Issue in Mobile Environment

1.1.2 Adaptation to Web-Based Groupware SystemsMobile Users

1.1.3 A Context- and Preference-Based Adaptationfor Web-Based Groupware Systems

1.1.4 Chapter Organization

1.2 Related Work

1.3 Context Representation

1.4 Representation of the Group Awareness Information

1.5 Representing User's Preferences

1.5.1 Filtering Rules

1.5.2 Context-Aware Profiles

1.5.3 Contextual Conditions

1.5.4 Personalizing Informational Content

1.5.5 Sharing Profiles

1.6 Filtering Process

1.6.1 Selecting Profiles

1.6.2 Selecting and Organizing Content

1.7 Implementation

1.7.1 BW-M Framework

1.7.2 Implementation Issues

1.8 Conclusion

References

2 Framework for Supporting Web-Based Collaborative Applications

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Barriers and Obstacles

2.1.2 Research Motivations

2.1.3 Benefits

2.1.4 Research Questions and Aims

2.2 Research Background

2.2.1 Service System

2.2.2 Dynamic Re-configurable System

2.3 Solution Approach

2.3.1 Dynamic Services Management

2.3.2 Service Availability

2.3.3 Services Invocation and Execution

2.4 Application – Web-based Solution for e-Health

2.5 Conclusion

References

3 Helplets: A Common Sense-Based Collaborative Help Collection and Retrieval Architecture for Web-Enabled Systems

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Issues in Contemporary Help Systems

3.2.1 Tutorial Embedding

3.2.2 Tutorial Decomposition

3.3 Machine Common Sense

3.4 Helplet Architecture

3.4.1 Knowlege Collection: Helplets

3.4.2 Knowledge Organization: Folksonomy

3.4.3 Knowledge Retrieval: Common Sense

3.4.3.1 Machine Common Sense and Helplets

3.4.3.2 Central Problems of Folksonomy

3.4.3.3 Flow of Control

3.4.3.4 User Preferences

3.4.3.5 Score Vector

3.4.3.6 Issues in the Basic Approach

3.4.3.7 Modifications to Personalized Web Search

3.4.3.8 Enhancing the Basic Technique

3.5 Related Work

3.6 Conclusion

References

4 Web-based Virtual Research Environments

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Short Review of VREs

4.3 Our Experience of VRE

4.3.1 Architecture

4.3.2 The Sakai Collaborative Learning Framework

4.3.3 Prototype: Sakai VRE Portal Demonstrator

4.3.4 Production: Psi-k VRE

4.3.5 Production: Social Science e-Infrastructure VRE

4.4 Further Discussion and Summary

References

5 Web-Based Learning Support System

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Learning and Learning Support Systems

5.3 Functions of Web-based Learning Support Systems

5.4 Designs and Implementation of a WLSS

5.5 The Proposed Framework Based on KSM

5.6 Rough set-based Learning Support to Predict Academic Performance

5.6.1 Survey and Data Collection

5.6.2 Results and Discussion

5.7 Conclusion

References

6 A Cybernetic Design Methodology for `Intelligent' Online Learning Support

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Rationale

6.3 The Need for `Intelligent' Cognition Support Systems

6.4 Metacognition as the Primary Learning Goal

6.5 A Brief History of Cognition Support Systems

6.6 Enabling Effective Cognition and Metacognition Development

6.7 Relationships and Connectedness: Pathways to Meaning

6.8 A Model for Constructing ``Intelligent'' CognitionSupport Systems

6.9 Conclusion

6.10 Research Questions for Further Study

References

7 A Web-Based Learning Support System for Inquiry-BasedLearning

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Web-Based Learning Support Systems and Inquiry-BasedLearning

7.2.1 Web-Based Learning Support Systems

7.2.2 Web Services

7.2.3 Online-Learning Games

7.2.4 Inquiry-Based Learning

7.2.5 Web-Based Learning Support Systems for Inquiry-Based Learning

7.3 Modeling Online Treasure Hunt

7.3.1 Treasure Hunts

7.3.2 Treasure Hunt Model for Inquiry-Based Learning

7.4 Implementation of Online Treasure Hunt

7.4.1 Architecture of Online Treasure Hunt

7.4.2 Teaching Support Subsystem

7.4.3 Learning Support Subsystem

7.4.4 Treasure Hunt Game

7.4.5 Treasure Hunt Process

7.5 A Demonstrative Example of the System

7.6 Conclusion

References

Part II Web-Based Applications and WSS Techniques

8 Combinatorial Fusion Analysis for Meta Search InformationRetrieval

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Combinatorial Fusion Analysis

8.2.1 Multiple Scoring Systems

8.2.2 Rank/Score Function and the Rank-Score Characteristics (RSC) Graph

8.2.3 Rank and Score Combination

8.2.4 Performance Evaluation

8.2.5 Diversity

8.3 Combinatorial Fusion Analysis Applications in Information Retrieval

8.3.1 Predicting Fusion Results

8.3.2 Comparing Rank and Score Combination

8.4 Conclusion and Future Work

References

9 Automating Information Discovery Within the Invisible Web

9.1 Introduction

9.2 The Deep Web

9.3 State of the Art in Searching the Deep Web

9.3.1 Automatic Information Discovery from theInvisible Web

9.3.2 Query Routing: Finding Ways in the Mazeof the Deep Web

9.3.3 Downloading the Hidden Web Content

9.3.4 Information Discover, Extraction, and Integration for Hidden Web

9.4 Conclusion

References

10 Supporting Web Search with Visualization

10.1 Web Search and Web Support Systems

10.2 Web Information Retrieval

10.2.1 Traditional Information Retrieval

10.2.2 Information Retrieval on the Web

10.2.3 Web Search User Interfaces

10.2.4 Web Search User Behaviour

10.3 Issues in Information Visualization

10.4 A Taxonomy of Information to Support Web Search Processes

10.4.1 Attributes of the Query

10.4.2 Attributes of the Document Surrogate

10.4.3 Attributes of the Document

10.4.4 Attributes of the Search Results Set

10.4.5 External Knowledge Bases

10.5 Challenges in Search Representations

10.6 Seminal and State-of-the-Art Research in Visual Web Search

10.6.1 Query Visualization

10.6.2 Search Results Visualization

10.6.2.1 Document Visualization

10.6.2.2 Document Surrogate Visualization

10.6.3 Revisiting the Taxonomy of Information

10.7 Conclusions

References

11 XML Based Markup Languages for Specific Domains

11.1 Background

11.1.1 XML: The eXtensible Markup Language

11.1.1.1 Need for XML

11.1.1.2 XML Terminology

11.1.2 Domain-Specific Markup Languages

11.1.2.1 Examples of Domain-Specific Markup Languages

11.1.2.2 MatML: The Materials Markup Language

11.2 Development of Markup Languages

11.2.1 Acquisition of Domain Knowledge

11.2.2 Data Modeling

11.2.2.1 Entity Relationship Diagram

11.2.3 Requirements Specification

11.2.4 Ontology Creation

11.2.5 Revision of the Ontology

11.2.6 Schema Definition

11.2.7 Reiteration of the Schema

11.3 Desired Properties of Markup Languages

11.3.1 Avoidance of Redundancy

11.3.2 Non-ambiguous Presentation of Information

11.3.3 Easy Interpretability of Information

11.3.4 Incorporation of Domain-Specific Requirements

11.3.5 Potential for Extensibility

11.4 Application of XML Features in Language Development

11.4.1 Sequence Constraint

11.4.2 Choice Constraint

11.4.3 Key Constraint

11.4.4 Occurrence Constraint

11.5 Convenient Access to Information

11.5.1 XQuery: XML Query Language

11.5.2 XSLT: XML Style Sheet Language Transformations

11.5.3 XPath: XML Path Language

11.6 Conclusions

References

12 Evaluation, Analysis and Adaptation of Web Prefetching Techniques in Current Web

12.1 Introduction to Web Prefetching

12.1.1 Generic Web Architecture

12.1.2 Prediction Engine

12.1.3 Prefetching Engine

12.1.4 Web Prediction Algorithms

12.1.4.1 Prediction from the Access Pattern

12.1.4.2 Prediction from Web Content

12.2 Performance Evaluation

12.2.1 Experimental Framework

12.2.1.1 Surrogate

12.2.1.2 Client

12.2.1.3 Proxy Server

12.2.2 Performance Key Metrics

12.2.2.1 Prediction Related Indexes

12.2.2.2 Resource Usage Indexes

12.2.2.3 Latency Related Indexes

12.2.3 Comparison Methodology

12.2.4 Workload

12.3 Evaluation of Prefetching Algorithms

12.3.1 Prefetching Algorithms Description

12.3.2 Experimental Results

12.3.2.1 Latency Per Page Ratio

12.3.2.2 Space

12.3.2.3 Processor Time

12.3.3 Summary

12.4 Theoretical Limits on Performance

12.4.1 Metrics

12.4.2 Predicting at the Server

12.4.3 Predicting at the Client

12.4.4 Predicting at the Proxy

12.4.5 Prefetching Limits Summary

12.5 Summary and Conclusions

References

13 Knowledge Management System Based on Web 2.0 Technologies

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Knowledge Management Systems

13.3 Web 2.0

13.4 Rich Internet Applications Architecture

13.5 Rich Internet Application Frameworks

13.6 Developing a Knowledge-Based Management System

13.7 Implementing a Knowledge Management System

13.8 Case Study: The RV10 Project

13.9 Conclusions

References

Part III Design and Development of Web-Based Support Systems

14 A Web-Based System for Managing Software ArchitecturalKnowledge

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Background and Motivation

14.2.1 Architecture-Based Software Development

14.2.2 Knowledge Management Issues in Software Architecture Process

14.2.3 Support for Architectural Knowledge Management

14.3 Tool Support for Managing Architectural Knowledge

14.3.1 The Architecture of PAKME

14.3.2 The Data Model of PAKME

14.3.3 Implementation

14.4 Managing Architectural Knowledge with PAKME

14.4.1 Capturing and Presenting Knowledge

14.4.2 Supporting Knowledge Use/Reuse

14.5 An Industrial Case of Using PAKME

14.5.1 Use of PAKME's Knowledge Base

14.5.2 Use of PAKME's Project Base

14.5.3 Observations from the Study

14.6 Related Work

14.7 Summary

References

15 CoP Sensing Framework on Web-Based Environment

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Community of Practice (CoP) Characteristics

15.3 CoP Objects in the Social Learning Framework

15.4 Web-Based System for Sensing Social Learning Framework

15.4.1 Community Structure

15.4.1.1 Volatility of the Membership

15.4.1.2 Temporal Domination in the Community Participation Hierarchy

15.4.1.3 Existence of Common Interest

15.4.1.4 Common Interest – Activity

15.4.1.5 Common Interest – Communication

15.4.1.6 Common Interest – Relationship

15.4.1.7 Fluid Movement Between Groups

15.4.2 Learning Through Participation and Reification

15.4.3 Negotiation of Meaning

15.4.4 Learning as Temporal

15.4.5 Boundary Objects and Boundary Encounters

15.4.6 Mutual Engagement, Joint Enterprise, and Shared Repertoire

15.4.7 Identity

15.5 Integrated Schema of the Entire System

15.6 Conclusion

References

16 Designing a Successful Bidding Strategy Using Fuzzy Sets and Agent Attitudes

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Related Works

16.3 A Fuzzy Bidding Strategy (FA-Bid)

16.3.1 Basic Scenario

16.3.2 FA-Bid Overview

16.3.3 Attribute Evaluation

16.3.3.1 Weights Determination

16.3.3.2 Assessment Expression

16.3.3.3 Assessments Aggregation

16.3.4 Attitude Estimation

16.3.5 Overall Assessment

16.3.6 Agent Price Determination

16.4 Conclusions

References

17 Design Scenarios for Web-Based Management of OnlineInformation

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Scenario-Based Development

17.3 Understanding Design Opportunities

17.4 Current Technologies

17.4.1 Input

17.4.2 Output

17.4.3 Portability

17.5 Towards New Designs

17.6 Discussion

References

18 Data Mining for Web-Based Support Systems: A Case Study in e-Custom Systems

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Data Mining as a Part of the Decision Making Process

18.3 Building Blocks for New Web-Based Support Systems: Web Services, SOA, Smart Seals

18.3.1 Web Services

18.3.2 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

18.3.3 Smart Seals: TREC or RFID Technology

18.4 Web-Based Support Systems for e-Business and e-Custom

18.5 Evaluation and Discussion

18.6 Conclusions

References

19 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) as a Technical Framework for Web-Based Support Systems (WSS)

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Support Systems: A Historical Perspective

19.3 Service as a Medium of Information Exchange for Web-Based Support Systems

19.3.1 Genesis of a `Service' as Data/Input AccessCharacteristic

19.3.2 `Service': A Short Primer

19.3.3 Service-Oriented Inputs as Digestible Units for a Support System

19.3.4 Service-Oriented Information as Fine-GrainedOutput Decision Stream Services

19.4 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): An Architectural Evolution for Data Access

19.4.1 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

19.4.2 Rise of a Web Service: Software as a Service(SaaS) Over the Internet

19.5 SOA: The Information Gateway for Support Systems

19.5.1 Enterprise Service Bus: SOA's Elixir for DataAccess for Support Systems

19.5.1.1 Inside the Enterprise Service Bus

19.5.2 AirMod-X: A Support System Example

19.5.2.1 Challenge Scenario – 1: The Traditional Way

19.5.2.2 Challenge Scenario – 2: The SOA Way

19.5.3 SOA and WSS: An Interplay

19.6 Technologies for SOA Implementation for WSS

19.6.1 Sample WSS Scenario: AirMod-X

19.7 Conclusion

References

A Contributor's Biography

Index