National-Socialist Archaeology in Europe and its Legacies

This edited volume is dedicated to national-socialist archaeology as a Europe-wide phenomenon. It analyses national-socialist attempts to denationalize the archaeologies of European nations by creating a new unifying European archaeology on a racial basis.

From the beginning of the nineteenth century, archaeology began to develop into an important force behind processes of nation building. At the same time, structures of transnational academic collaboration contributed strongly to the internal dynamics of the research field, which was primarily organized on a national basis.

In those European countries that were confronted with national-socialist occupation and repression between 1939 and 1945, these transnational archaeological networks were to prove crucial for the development of national-socialist archaeological policies.

This volume will reveal how national-socialist archaeology was to an extent valued positively in its time as highly innovative, even influencing the archaeology of non-occupied countries. Although in the final instance, it generally failed to displace the national archaeologies in Europe, the volume also analyses the long-term impact of national-socialist rule on the development of European archaeology. How did the attempts to create a unified European archaeology after 1945 continue to influence networks, methods and terminologies, institutional structures, or popular representations of the early past?

Martijn Eickhoff is director of NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies and professor by special appointment of Archaeology and Heritage of War and Mass Violence at the University of Groningen. He researches the history, cultural dimensions, and after-effects of large-scale violence and regime change in Europe and Asia in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Daniel Modl is curator and research assistant at the Department of Archaeology & Coin Cabinet at the Universalmuseum Joanneum in Graz. His primary areas of expertise lie in history of archaeology, archaeometallurgy, mining archaeology, speleology, and experimental archaeology. He recently published the edited volume 'Archäologie in Österreich 1938-1945' (2020), which contains over 30 contributions by international authors on archaeological research in Austria during the Nazi era.
Katie Meheux works for the University College London department of Libraries, Culture, Collections and Open Science (LCCOS) as the librarian of the Institute of Archaeology Library. An archaeologist by training, her research focuses on the history and historiography of archaeology, with a particular interest in the twentieth-century development of the profession within contemporary political contexts. Katie is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and a member of HARN (Histories of Archaeology Research Network).
 
Erwin Nuijten is a project assistant at NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies. After his studies in anthropology, he followed the Masters programme Holocaust and Genocide Studies and completed his second Masters degree in 2015. In 2016 he became the project assistant and managing editor for this edited volume.