Modeling and Simulating Bodies and Garments

Preface

Contents

List of Figures

Chapter 1: Modeling Bodies

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Geometric Modeling

1.2.1 Basic Geometric Deformations

1.2.2 Free Form Deformation

1.3 Physically Based Modeling

1.4 Anatomic and Anthropometric Body Modeling Techniques

1.5 Data Acquisition

1.5.1 Data Acquisition and Reconstruction Pipeline

1.5.2 Data Resolution and Data Format

1.5.3 Scan Data Based Modeling Approaches

References

Chapter 2: Character Based Adaptation

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Character Animation

2.2 Previous Works

2.3 A Footskate Removal Method for Simplified Characters

2.3.1 Feet Motion Analysis

2.3.1.1 Foot Selection

2.3.1.2 Vertex Selection

2.4 Root Translation Correction

2.4.1 Horizontal Correction

2.4.2 Vertical Correction

2.5 Character Movements Adaptation

2.5.1 Introduction

2.5.2 Skeleton Design

2.5.2.1 Limbs Simplification

2.5.2.2 Vertex/Cylinder Allocation

2.5.2.3 Penetration Calculation

2.5.3 Arms Adaptation

2.5.3.1 Penetration Removal

Objective Function

2.5.3.2 Forearm Orientation Correction

2.5.4 Legs Adaptation

2.5.5 General Purpose Collisions Removal

2.5.6 Balance Correction

2.5.6.1 Character Setup

Weights Estimation

Threshold Distances Calculation

2.5.6.2 Balance Optimization

2.5.6.3 Runtime System

Radial Basis Functions

Data Pre-processing

Skeleton Adaptation

A Growing Body

Joints Translation

References

Chapter 3: Cloth Modeling and Simulation

3.1 A Brief History on Garment Simulation

3.2 Measuring Physical Parameters

3.2.1 Introduction

3.2.2 The Concept of Fabric Hand

3.2.2.1 Subjective Fabric Hand Assessment

3.2.2.2 Objective Hand Measurements

Fundamental Research

Kawabata (KES-f) (Kawabata 1980)

Other Measurement Systems

3.2.3 Fabric Drape

3.2.4 Mechanical and Physical Fabric Properties in Virtual Simulation Systems

3.3 Physical Simulation of Cloth

3.3.1 Introduction

3.3.2 Physical Properties of Cloth Materials

3.3.3 Simulation Models

3.3.3.1 Generalities on Mechanical Simulation

3.3.3.2 State-of-the-Art in Cloth Simulation Techniques

3.3.4 A Simple Method for Accurate Simulation of Nonlinear Cloth Materials

3.3.5 Numerical Integration

3.3.5.1 Explicit Integration Methods

3.3.5.2 Implicit Integration Methods

3.3.6 Collision Processing

3.3.6.1 Techniques for Collision Detection on Cloth Objects

3.3.6.2 Collision Response

3.3.6.3 Repairing Collisions

3.3.7 Real-Time Garment Animation

3.3.7.1 Real-Time Garment Animation on a Virtual Character

3.4 Touching Virtual Textiles

3.4.1 Haptic Interaction with Virtual Textiles: The Problems to Solve

3.4.1.1 Abstraction of the Real World Scenario

3.4.1.2 Development of Physically Based Simulation Techniques to Render the Cloth Behavior According to the Specified Fabric

3.4.1.3 Design and Realization of a Haptic Interface Able to Provide Both Tactile and Kinesthetic Stimuli

3.4.1.4 Cross-Modal Validation of the Complete System

3.4.2 The Sense of Touch

3.4.2.1 The Tactile Sense

3.4.2.2 The Kinesthetic Sense

3.4.3 Rendering Touch Signals

3.4.3.1 The Haptic Interaction Process

3.4.3.2 Tactile Rendering

3.4.3.3 Force Rendering

3.4.4 Haptic Interfaces

3.4.4.1 Commercial Devices

3.4.4.2 Tactile Actuators

3.4.4.3 Multipoint Force-Feedback Devices

3.4.4.4 Integration and Synchronization

3.4.5 The EU Project HAPTEX: Concepts and Solutions

3.4.5.1 Validation

3.4.5.2 Results

Textile Simulation

Fabric Measurements

Force-Feedback and Tactile Rendering

Whole Haptic Interface

Milestones

References

Chapter 4: Designing and Animating Patterns and Clothes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Pattern Design

4.2.1 Digitalization

4.2.2 Import from CAD Software

4.2.3 Extraction of the Outer Shell Pattern Pieces

4.3 Pattern Placement

4.4 Seaming

4.5 Fabric Properties

4.6 Garment Fitting

4.7 Comparison of Real and Virtual Fitting Processes

4.7.1 Physical Precision of the Simulation Result

4.8 The Making of the Award Winning Film: High Fashion in Equations

4.8.1 Introduction

4.8.2 Robert Piguet

4.8.3 Inspiration

4.8.4 Design and Implementation

4.8.4.1 Unlimited Parameters for Virtual Representations

4.8.4.2 Design of 2D Patterns

4.8.4.3 Fabric Material

4.8.4.4 Intended Aesthetic

4.8.4.5 Animation

4.8.4.6 Final Composition

4.8.5 Result

References

Chapter 5: Virtual Prototyping and Collaboration in the Clothing Industry

5.1 Introduction

5.2 The New Market Trend

5.3 Virtual Prototyping of Garments

5.3.1 Current Design and Manufacturing Paradigms

5.3.2 Current Online Garment Customization

5.3.3 MIRALab’s Virtual Try On

5.4 Collaboration in Virtual Clothing

5.4.1 Distinction Between PDM and PLM

5.4.2 PDM/PLM in the Apparel Industry: Current Solutions/Examples and Their Benefits

5.5 Future Challenge: Co-design

5.6 Towards a Co-design Virtual Garments Platform

5.6.1 Related Work

5.6.2 Design Considerations

5.6.3 Communication Architecture

5.6.4 User Membership Management

5.6.5 Content Transmission Scheme

5.6.6 Event Management

5.6.7 Proposed Architecture

5.6.8 Overall Architecture

5.6.8.1 Application Stub

5.6.8.2 Node Manager

5.6.8.3 Event Manager

5.6.8.4 Communication Manager

References