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Wartime Shanghai and the Jewish Refugees from Central Europe - Survival, Co-Existence, and Identity in a Multi-Ethnic City
of: Irene Eber
Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co.KG, 2012
ISBN: 9783110268188 , 259 Pages
Format: PDF, Read online
Copy protection: DRM
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Wartime Shanghai and the Jewish Refugees from Central Europe - Survival, Co-Existence, and Identity in a Multi-Ethnic City
Acknowledgments
7
Abbreviations
14
Introduction
15
Chapter 1: Shanghai
19
Beginnings of the Treaty Port
20
Shanghai until the Sino-Japanese War of 1937
25
Baghdadi (Sephardi) and Russian (Ashkenazi) Jews
31
Shanghai’s Russian and Japanese Communities
38
Aftermath of the 1937 Hostilities
44
Shanghai-Harbin-Tianjin
48
Chapter 2: Germany’s China Policy, Forced Emigration and the Search for Alternative Destinations
53
The First Jewish Arrivals in China, 1933–1934
53
Germany’s East Asian Politics between China and Japan
57
Money, Trade, Arms, and Military Missions
63
Forced Emigration
68
Alternative Destinations: Manchukuo, the Philippines, Yunnan
74
Chapter 3: “To Suffer a Martyr’s Death Rather than Perish in Shanghai” or to “Die as Free Men in Shanghai”
85
The Journeys
86
The Refugee Flood and its Cessation
91
Factors Limiting Sea Travel
93
Responses in Shanghai
101
The Permit System
112
Legitimate and Forged Permits
120
Overland Routes
124
Chapter 4: Strangers in Shanghai
131
Getting Settled: Flats and Heime
132
Entertainment
140
Litigation
147
Publishing
151
Institutional Development: Synagogues, Burial Societies and Cemeteries, Hospitals and Schools
160
To Leave Shanghai
166
Chapter 5: Years of Misfortune: 1941–1945
171
Eastjewcom, Laura Margolis, and the Polish Jews
173
The Pacific War and the Jewish Communities
178
Anti-Semitism, The Proclamation, and The “Designated Area”
183
Life in the Ghetto
191
Chapter 6: End of War and the Jewish Exodus
203
The Disaster of July 1945
204
Leaving China
208
Shanghai Remembered
211
Some Final Remarks
221
Appendices
225
Appendix 1: Old and New Street Names Mentioned in Text
225
Appendix 2: Journals and Newspapers Published in Shanghai for the Jewish Communities 1939–1946
225
Appendix 3: Documentary Films about Shanghai
227
Appendix 4: Partial List of Published German and English Language Memoirs and Autobiographies
234
Appendix 5: A Biographical Sketch of the Karfunkel Family
235
Appendix 6: List of German Refugees Entering Shanghai Since 1937, Registration Made by Zangzou Police Station
238
Glossary of Chinese Names and Terms
239
Bibliography
241
Archives
241
Newspapers
241
Interviews
241
Books
241
Articles
247
Index of Persons
255
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