Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Protection in the Developing World - Selected Papers from ERTEP 2007, July 17-19 2007, Ghana, Africa

Preface

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Contents

Part I Environmental Health Management

A Comparative Case Study of Detection of Radiation in Vegetable Leaves in a Coastal Oil Producing and Hinterland Non-oil Producing Regions in Akwa Ibom State

1 Introduction

2 Results and Discussion

3 Conclusion

References

Influence of Human Activities and Land Use on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Irrigated Vegetables in Ghana and Their Health Implications

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results

4 Discussion

5 Conclusion

References

An Economical Solution for the Environmental Problem Resulting from the Disposal of Rice Straw

1 Introduction

2 Description of the Process

3 Reduced Scale Simulation of the Entire Process

4 Behaviour of Concrete Incorporating Rice Straw Ash

5 Compressive Strength Tests

6 Rapid Chloride Penetrability Test for Durability Assessment

7 Electrical Conductivity Liquid Resulting from Hydrolysis

8 Results of Viability Study

9 Conclusions

References

Reversing Africa’s Deforestation for Sustainable Development

1 Introduction

2 Extent and Importance of Forests in Africa

3 The Threat of Deforestation

4 Strategies and Measures Taken Combat Deforestation

5 Moving Forward in Reversing Deforestation

6 Conclusion

References

Life Cycle Assessment of Chocolate Produced in Ghana

1 Introduction

2 Goal and Scope of the Study

3 Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Analysis

4 Life Cycle Impact Assessment

5 Results and Discussion

6 Conclusions and Recommendations

References

Sustainable Production of Traditional Medicines in Africa

1 Introduction

2 Objectives

3 Distribution of TMPs in Nigeria

4 Traditional Medicine Practices in Nigeria Include

5 Global Market for Traditional Medicines

6 Sources of Medicinal Plants in Africa Include

7 Accessing the Natural Medicine Market

8 Drawbacks of Herbal Medicine Markets in Africa (Nigeria)

9 The Steps Forward

10 Conclusion

References

Microbial Risk Assessment: Application and Stages to Evaluate Water Quality

1 Introduction

2 Microbial Risk Assessment Application

3 Microbial Risk Approach

4 Final Considerations

References

Benefits and Dangers of Nanotechnology: Health and Terrorism

1 Introduction

2 Medical Applications of Nanotechnology

3 Terrorism Issues of Nanotechnology

4 Concluding Remarks

References

Part II Sustainable Energy and Fuel

Environment Friendly Biodiesel from Jatropha curcas: Possibilities and Challenges

1 Introduction

2 Jatropha curcas – Origin and Description

3 Possibility of Producing Biofuel from Jatropha curcas

4 Proposed Approach

5 Challenges, Possibilities and Conclusion

References

Thermal Utilization of Solid Recovered Fuels in Pulverized Coal Power Plants and Industrial Furnaces as Part of an Integrated Waste Management Concept

1 Introduction

2 Waste-to-Energy a Better Option

3 Experiments

4 Results

5 Conclusion

References

Biogas Production from Organic Waste in Akwa IBOM State of Nigeria

1 Introduction

2 Significance of the Work

3 Biogas

4 Prospect of Biogas Technology

5 Materials and Method

6 Apparatus

7 Procedure

8 Analysis and Discussion

9 Conclusion and Further Work

References

West African Gas Pipeline (WAGP) Project: Associated Problems and Possible Remedies

1 Introduction

2 Associated Problems

3 Proposed Control Measures

4 Conclusion

References

Part III Water Treatment, Purification and Protection

Activated Carbon for Water Treatment in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results and Discussion

4 Conclusion

References

Impact of Feedwater Salinity on Energy Requirements of a Small-Scale Membrane Filtration System

1 Introduction

2 Equipment

3 Results

4 Discussion

5 Conclusions

References

Modern Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Its Application in Africa

1 Introduction

2 Waste Handling

3 Preseco Water and Wastewater

4 Conclusion

References

Ultrafiltration to Supply Drinking Water in International Development: A Review of Opportunities

1 Introduction

2 Ultrafiltration for Provision of Clean Drinking Water

3 UF Systems in International Development

4 Conclusions

References

Groundwater Pollution in Shallow Wells in Southern Malawi and a Potential Indigenous Method of Water Purification

1 Introduction

2 Water Quality from Shallow Wells

3 Water Purification

4 Conclusions and Recommendations

References

Photoelectrocatalytic Removal of Color from Water Using TiO2 and TiO2/Cu2O Thin Film Electrodes Under Low Light Intensity

1 Introduction

2 Experimental

3 Results and Discussion

4 Conclusions

References

Part IV Mining and Enviroment

Management of Acid Mine Drainage at Tarkwa, Ghana

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results and Discussions

4 Conclusion

References

A Multi-disciplinary Approach to Reclamation Research in the Oil Sands Region of Canada

1 Introduction

2 Background

3 Presentation and Discussion of Results

4 Summary and Conclusions

References

Intelligent Machine Monitoring and Sensing for Safe Surface Mining Operations

1 Introduction

2 Global Intelligent Truck Dynamic Control and Sensing

3 Dump Truck and Operator Vibrations in HISLO

4 Research and Technology Challenges

5 Research Significance to the Surface Mining Industry

6 Conclusions

References

Neutralization Potential of Reclaimed Limestone Residual (RLR)

1 Introduction

2 Acid Neutralization Potential (ANP) Results

3 Neutralization Testing Results

4 RLR Analysis

5 Chemical Characterization Results

6 Conclusion

References

Quantification of the Impact of Irrigating with Coalmine Waters on the Underlying Aquifers

1 Introduction

2 Discussion and Results

3 Quantification of the Salt

4 Conclusion

References

Application of Coal Fly Ash to Replace Lime in the Management of Reactive Mine Tailings

1 Introduction

2 Principles of Coal Fly Ash Applications in Reactive Mine Tailings

3 A Case Study of Coal Fly Ash Application in Reactive Mine Tailings

4 Feasibility Assessment

5 Summary and Conclusion

References

Part V Soil Stabilization

Consolidation and Strength Characteristics of Biofilm Amended Barrier Soils

1 Introduction

2 Background

3 Materials and Methods

4 Results and Discussion

5 Significance of Biofilm in Waste Containment Systems

6 Conclusions

References

Bagasse Ash Stabilization of Lateritic Soil

1 Introduction

2 Justification for the Study

3 Materials and Methods

4 Discussion of Results

5 Conclusion and Recommendations

References

Strength and Leaching Patterns of Heavy Metals from Ash-Amended Flowable Fill Monoliths

1 Introduction

2 Experimentation

3 Sources of Ash and Concrete Materials

4 Mix Design and Flowable Fill

5 Strength Tests and their Protocols

6 Leaching Tests and Protocols

7 Analysis and Discussion of Results

8 Effects of Ash Substitution on Contaminant Leachability Index

9 Conclusions

References

Part VI Environmental Monitoring

Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging in Environmental Studies

1 Introduction

2 Geoelectrical Resistivity Surveys

3 Conclusions

References

Nitrogen Management for Maximum Potato Yield, Tuber Quality, and Environmental Conservation

1 Introduction

CASE 1: Effect of N Rate on Yield and Agronomic NUE of a Red Cultivar – Sangre

CASE 2: Effect of Pre-plant N Application Rate on Yield and Agronomic NUE of Cultivar Canela Russet

2 General Discussion

3 Conclusion

References

In Vitro Analysis of Enhanced Phenanthrene Emulsification and Biodegradation Using Rhamnolipid Biosurfactants and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results

4 Conclusions

References

Digital Elevation Models and GIS for Watershed Modelling and Flood Prediction – A Case Study of Accra Ghana

1 Introduction

2 DEM Data Modelling and Development

3 Watershed and Drainage Modelling

4 Flood Simulation

5 Results and Analysis of Flood and Map Derivatives

6 Conclusion

References

Trace Metal Pollution Study on Cassava Flour’s Roadside Drying Technique in Nigeria

1 Introduction

2 Methodology

3 Results and Discussion

4 Conclusion

5 Recommendation

References

Impact of Industrial Activities on the Physico-chemistry and Mycoflora of the New Calabar River in Nigeria

1 Introduction

2 Materials and Methods

3 Results

4 Discussion

5 Conclusion

References

Plants as Environmental Biosensors: Non-invasive Monitoring Techniques

1 Introduction

2 Plants as Biosensors for Monitoring the Acid Rain

3 Electrical Signals Induced by Pesticides

4 Insect-Induced Electrochemical Signals in Potato Plants

5 Molecular Recognition of the Direction of Light by Green Plants

6 Conclusion and Future Perspective

References

Index