Cerebral Vasospasm - New Strategies in Research and Treatment

Preface

Contents

Advances in vasospasm research

Vasospasm pathogenies

Pre-vasospasm: early brain injury

Apoptotic markers in vasospasm after an experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage

Cerebrospinal fluid soluble Fas and Fas ligand levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Time course of oxyhemoglobin induces apoptosis in mice brain cells in vivo

Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway attenuates cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage through the suppression of apoptosis

Oxidative stress in subarachnoid haemorrhage: significance in acute brain injury and vasospasm

Bilirubin oxidation products (BOXes): synthesis, stability and chemical characteristics

Vascular contractility changes due to vasospasm induced by periarterial whole blood and thrombocyte rich plasma

Vasospasm biochemistry

Vasospasm biochemistry

The roles of cross-talk mechanisms in the signal transduction systems in the pathophysiology of the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage – what we know and what we do not know

Subarachnoid hemorrhage induces upregulation of vascular receptors and reduction in rCBF via an ERK1=2 mechanism

Effect of deferoxamine-activated hypoxia inducible factor-1 on the brainstem following subarachnoid haemorrhage

Urgosedin downregulates mRNA expression of TNF-a in brain tissue of rats subjected to experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage

Nucleotide-induced cerebral vasospasm in an in vivo mouse model

Effects of ADPbetaS on purine receptor expression in mouse cerebral vasculature

Vasospasm electrophysiology

Electrophysiology of cerebral vasospasm

Cellular basis of vasospasm: role of small diameter arteries and voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels

Acute and chronic effects of oxyhemoglobin on voltage-dependent ion channels in cerebral arteries

The effect of an intracisternal nimodipine slow-release system on cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the rat

Cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage is completely prevented by L-type calcium channel antagonist in human

Vasospasm pharmacology

Vasospasm pharmacology

Endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor versus cerebrovasospasm

A pharmacokinetic study of clazosentan in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the interaction between clazosentan and nimodipine in healthy subjects

Attenuation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and cerebral vasospasm in rabbits subjected to experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage by CGS 26303

The effect of 17b-estradiol in the prevention of cerebral vasospasm and endothelin-1 production after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Dysfunction of nitric oxide synthases as a cause and therapeutic target in delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH

An adenosine A1 receptor agonist preserves eNOS expression and attenuates cerebrovasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Vasospasm molecular biology

Gene transfer after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a tool and potential therapy

Direct protein transduction method to cerebral arteries by using 11R: new strategy for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase-11R protein therapy for prevention of cerebral vasospasm in rats: a preliminary report

Microarray analysis of hemolysate-induced differential gene expression in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC)

Vasospasm remodeling

Role of vascular remodeling in cerebral vasospasm

Possible role of tenascin-C in cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Ecdysterone-sensitive smooth muscle cell proliferation stimulated by conditioned medium of endothelial cells cultured with bloody cerebrospinal fluid

The effect of oxyhemoglobin on the proliferation and migration of cultured vascular advential fibroblasts

The effect of oxyhemoglobin on the proliferation and migration of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

Comparison of three measurement methods for basilar artery with neurological changes in rabbits subjected to experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

Vasospasm diagnostic

Vasospasm diagnosis strategies

Continuous evaluation of regional oxygen saturation in cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage using INVOS, portable near infrared spectrography

Automated voxel-based analysis of brain perfusion SPECT for vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Angiographic scale for evaluation of cerebral vasospasm

CT evaluation of late cerebral infarction after operation for ruptured cerebral aneurysm

Elevated intracranial pressure or subarachnoid blood responsible for reduction in cerebral blood flow after SAH

Magnetic resonance imaging in the canine double-haemorrhage subarachnoid haemorrhage model

Perfusion/diffusion-weighted imaging protocol for the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm and management of treatment after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Diffusion and perfusion MRI findings with clinical correlation in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage related vasospasm

Correlation of end-tidal CO2 with transcranial Doppler flow velocity is decreased during chemoregulation in delayed cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage – results of a pilot study

A diagnostic flowchart, including TCD, Xe-CT and angiography, to improve the diagnosis of vasospasm critically affecting cerebral blood flow in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage, sedated and ventilated

Basilar artery vasospasm: diagnosis and grading by transcranial Doppler

Predictive value of transcranial Doppler to detect clinical vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Vasospasm medical treatment

Intravenous magnesium sulfate after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of published data

Hypomagnesemia after ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms: predictive factor and pathophysiological implication

The role of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of vasospasm in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage

Fasudil (a rho-kinase inhibitor) may specifically increase rCBF in spastic area

Multimodality therapy for cerebral vasospasm after SAH: importance of intensive care and intraarterial injection of fasudil hydrochloride

The effect of KMUVS-1 on experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage-induced cerebrovasospasm

Role of statins in cerebral vasospasm

Treatment of cerebral vasospasm with cilostazol in subarachnoid haemorrhage model

Ecdysterone attenuates vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in rabbits

Vasospasm chemical surgery

Clot-clearance rate in the sylvian cistern is associated with severity of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Simultaneous head rotation and lumboventricular lavage in patients after severe subarachnoid haemorrhage: an initial analysis of the influence on clot clearance rate and cerebral vasospasm

Intrathecal urokinase infusion through a microcatheter into the cisterna magna to prevent cerebral vasospasm: experimental study in dogs

Microcatheter intrathecal urokinase infusion into cisterna magna for prevention of cerebral vasospasm

Prevention of symptomatic vasospasm – effect of continuous cisternal irrigation with urokinase and ascorbic acid

Cisternal washing therapy for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm following SAH: analysis of 308 consecutive cases with Fisher group 3 SAH

Surgical treatment

Questionable value of decompressive craniectomy after severe aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Low incidence of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a comparison between surgical repairs and endovascular coil occlusions

Microsurgical treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms

Coil embolization decrease the incidence of symptomatic vasospasm, except in patients with poor grade subarachnoid hemorrhage

Endovascular therapy of cerebral vasospasm: two year experience with angioplasty and/or intraarterial administration of nicardipine and verapamil

Utility of intra-arterial nimodipine for cerebral vasospasm

Intra-arterial nicardipine successfully relieved post-subarachnoid hemorrhage cerebral vasospasm during aneurysm embolization: a case report

Prognosis

Evaluating the factors affecting cerebral vasospasm in patients after aneurysmal subarachonoid haemorrhage

Is cerebral salt wasting after subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by bleeding?

Relationship between the development of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and the levels of dendroaspis natriuretic peptide in body fluids

An abrupt fall in blood pressure in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

C-reactive protein might predict outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Factors affecting the incidence and severity of vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Basilar artery vasospasm: impact on outcome

Change of management results in good-grade aneurysm patients

Quantification of transient ischemic and metabolic events in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage

Other vasospasm

Pediatric subarachnoid haemorrhage

Childhood intracranial aneurysms

Pediatric cerebral aneurysms: a report of 9 cases

Intracranial aneurysms during childhood and puberty

Vasospasm in traumatic brain injury

Traumatic vasospasm

Cerebral vasospasm in diffuse axonal injury patients

The effects of nimopidine on platelet aggregation in severe head injury

‘‘Street drugs’’ and subarachnoid haemorrhage

Author index

Index of keywords