Latinos and the Economy - Integration and Impact in Schools, Labor Markets, and Beyond

Acknowledgments

Contents

Contributors

1 Introduction

Latinos and the Economic Future

The Chapters

Latino Population Growth: Facts, Trends, and History

Notes

References

Part I K12 Education

2 The Hispanic Diaspora and the Public Schools: Educating Hispanics

Introduction

Data

The Dispersion and Suburbanization of Hispanic Schooling

Dispersion

Suburbanization

Suburban Schooling

The Impact of Dispersion on Hispanic Education Conditions

Public School Changes in New Settlement Areas

The Impact of Suburbanization on Hispanic Education Conditions

Conclusions

Notes

References

3 System of Elections, Latino Representation, and School Policy in Central California Schools

Introduction

Review of the Literature

Data and Methods

Latino Representation in Central California Schools

Modeling Latino School Board Representation

The Impact of Latino Representation on Policy

Views about Challenges and Priorities in the District

Conclusion and Policy Implications

Notes

References

Part II Higher Education

4 Does Reducing College Costs Improve Educational Outcomes for Undocumented Immigrants? EvidenceINTbreak; from State Laws Permitting Undocumented ImmigrantsINTbreak; to Pay In-State Tuition at State Colleges and Universities

Introduction

Background

Legislative Background

Related Literature

Theoretical and Empirical Framework

Theoretical Considerations

Empirical Framework

Data

Results

Effect on College Attendance

Effect on Dropping Out of High School

Conclusion

Notes

References

5 Is There a Link Between Hispanics and First-Generation College Students? The Importance of ExposureINTbreak; to a College-Going Tradition

Introduction

The Data and Sample

Descriptive Findings

A. Outcomes in Postsecondary Education by Generational Status

B. What Kind of Institutions Do First-Generation College Students Attend?

Hispanic and College Generation Status

Conclusions and Policy Implications

Notes

References

Part III Legalization and Naturalization

6 The Effects of Legalization on Migrant Remittances

Introduction

Theoretical Framework

The 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act

Data

Research Strategy

Results

Changes in the Likelihood of Remitting Money Back Home

Changes in the Dollar Amount Remitted Back Home

Concluding Remarks

Notes

Appendix

References

7 Naturalization and Its Determinants Among Immigrants from Latin America: The Role of Dual Citizenship Rights

Introduction

Modeling an Immigrants Decision to Naturalize in the United States

Identifying the Effects of Dual Citizenship Rights on an Immigrants Propensity to Naturalize

Changes in Dual Citizenship Laws in the 1990s

Empirical Analysis

Data

Empirical Model

Other Influences on the Propensity to Naturalize in the 1990s

Estimation Results

Effects of Changes in Dual Citizenship Rights on the Probability of Naturalization

Specification Checks

Conclusions

Notes

References

Part IV Earnings

8 The LEP Earnings Penalty Among Hispanic Men in the US: 1980 to 2005

Introduction

Conceptual Issues

Overview of LEP Earnings and Education Differentials

Analyses of the Relative Earnings of the LEP

Hispanic Ethnicity and the LEP Penalty

Education and the LEP Penalty

Foreign Education and the LEP Penalty

Conclusion

Notes

References

9 The Minimum Wage and Latino Workers

Introduction

Theoretical Background

Data

Methods

Results

Substitution across Skill Groups

Legal Status and Years of US Residence

Conclusion

Notes

Appendix

References

10 Latino Veterans and Income: Are There Gains from Military Service

Introduction

Literature Review

Theoretical Accountings

Military Service as a Positive Start----Status-Attainment and Social Capital Theories

Military Service as a Penalty----Human Capital Theory

Military Service as a Contextually Dependent Setback----The Life-Course Theory

Data and Methods

Results

Conclusions

Notes

References

Part V Economic Impacts of Latinos

11 Do Recent Latino Immigrants Compete for JobsINTbreak; with Native Hispanics and Earlier Latino Immigrants?

Introduction

Why Focus on the Impact of Immigration on Hispanics

Demographic and Labor Market Characteristics of Native Hispanics, and Latino and Non-Latino Immigrants

The Impact of Recent Latino Immigrants on Native Hispanics and Earlier Latino Immigrants

Policy Implications and Conclusions

Notes

References

12 Immigrants, Hispanics, and the Evolution of Housing Prices in the US

Introduction

Immigrants and Housing Rents and Prices

Hispanic Growth and Housing Rents and Prices

Hispanic Density and Housing Prices: A Neighborhood Analysis Within Cities

Conclusions

Notes

References

Part VI InterGenerational Incorporation and Economic Outcomes

13 The Effects of English Proficiency Among Childhood Immigrants: Are Hispanics Different?

Introduction

Background and Data

Related Literature

Data

Age at Arrival and English Proficiency

Effects of English Proficiency

Labor Market Outcomes

Educational Attainment

Family Formation

Location of Residence

Why Might the Effect of English Proficiency Differ Between Hispanics and Non-Hispanics?

Robustness Checks

Discussion

Notes

Appendix

References

14 Who Remains Mexican? Selective Ethnic AttritionINTbreak; and the Intergenerational Progress of Mexican Americans

Introduction

Ethnic Identification and Ethnic Attrition

Intermarriage and Mexican Identification of Children 11

Extent and Selectivity of Mexican Intermarriage

Mexican Identification of Children

Indirect Evidence of Selective Ethnic Attrition

Spanish Surname and Hispanic Identification 18

Mexican Ethnicity and Ancestry 20

Direct Evidence of Selective Ethnic Attrition 24

Conclusion

Notes

References

About the Editors

About the Contributors