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Front Cover
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Engineering rock mechanics: an introduction to the principles
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Copyright Page
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Contents
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Preface
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Chapter 1. Introduction
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1.1 The subject of rock mechanics
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1.2 Content of this book
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Chapter 2. Geological setting
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2.1 Rock as an engineering material
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2.2 Natural rock environments
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2.3 The influence of geological factors on rocks and rock masses
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Chapter 3. Stress
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3.1 Why study stress in rock mechanics and rock engineering?
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3.2 The difference between a scalar, a vector and a tensor
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3.3 Normal stress components and shear stress components
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3.4 Stress as a point property
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3.5 The stress components on a small cube within the rock
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3.6 The symmetry of the stress matrix
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3.7 The state of stress at a point has six independent components
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3.8 The principal stresses
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3.9 All unsupported excavation surfaces are principal stress planes
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3.10 Concluding remarks
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Chapter 4. In situ stress
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4.1 Why determine in situ stress?
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4.2 Presentation of in situ stress state data
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4.3 Methods of stress determination
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4.4 Statistical analysis of stress state data
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4.5 The representative elemental volume for stress
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4.6 Predictions of natural in situ stress states based on elasticity theory
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4.7 Collated worldwide in situ stress data
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4.8 Reasons for high horizontal stresses
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4.9 Effect of discontinuities on the proximate state of stress
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4.10 Glossary of terms related to stress states in rock masses
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Chapter 5. Strain
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5.1 Finite strain
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5.2 Examples of homogeneous finite strain
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5.3 Infinitesimal strain
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5.4 The strain tensor
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5.5 The elastic compliance matrix
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5.6 Implications for in situ stress
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Chapter 6. Intact rock
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6.1 The background to intact rock testing
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6.2 The complete stress–strain curve in uniaxial compression
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6.3 Soft, stiff and servo-controlled testing machines
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6.4 Specimen geometry, loading conditions and environmental effects
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6.5 Failure criteria
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6.6 Concluding remarks
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Chapter 7. Discontinuities
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7.1 The occurrence of discontinuities
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7.2 Geometrical properties of discontinuities
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7.3 Mechanical properties
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7.4 Discussion
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Chapter 8. Rock masses
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8.1 Deformability
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8.2 Strength
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8.3 Post-peak strength behaviour
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Chapter 9. Permeability
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9.1 Fundamental definitions
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9.2 Primary and secondary permeability
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9.3 Flow through discontinuities
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9.4 Flow through discontinuity networks
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9.5 Scale effect
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9.6 A note on effective stresses
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9.7 Some practical aspects: grouting and blasting
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Chapter 10. Anisotropy and inhomogeneity
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10.1 Definitions
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10.2 Anisotropy
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10.3 Inhomogeneity
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10.4 Ramifications for analysis
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Chapter 11. Testing techniques
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11.1 Access to the rock
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11.2 Tailoring testing to engineering requirements
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11.3 Tests on intact rock
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11.4 Tests on discontinuities
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11.5 Tests on rock masses
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11.6 Standardized tests
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Chapter 12. Rock mass classification
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12.1 Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system
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12.2 Q-system
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12.3 Applications of rock mass classification systems
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12.4 Links between the classification systems and rock properties
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12.5 Discussion
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12.6 Extensions to rock mass classification techniques
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12.7 Concluding remarks
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Chapter 13. Rock dynamics and time-dependent aspects
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13.1 Introduction
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13.2 Stress waves
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13.3 Time-dependency
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13.4 Time-dependency in rock engineering
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Chapter 14. Rock mechanics interactions and rock engineering systems (RES)
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14.1 Introduction to the subject
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14.2 Interaction matrices
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14.3 Interaction matrices in rock mechanics
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14.4 Symmetry of interaction matrices
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14.5 A rock mechanics–rock engineering interaction matrix
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14.6 Further examples of rock mechanics interaction matrices
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14.7 Concluding remarks
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Chapter 15. Excavation principles
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15.1 The excavation process
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15.2 Rock blasting
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15.3 Specialized blasting techniques
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15.4 Mechanical excavation
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15.5 Vibrations due to excavation
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Chapter 16. Stabilization principles
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16.1 The effect of excavation on the rock mass environment
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16.2 The stabilization strategy
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16.3 Rock reinforcement
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16.4 Rock support
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16.5 Stabilization of 'transitional' rock masses
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16.6 Further comments on rock stabilization methods
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Chapter 17. Surface excavation instability mechanisms
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17.1 Slope instability
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17.2 Foundation instability
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Chapter 18. Design and analysis of surface excavations
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18.1 Kinematic analysis of slope instability mechanisms
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18.2 Combined kinematic analysis of complete excavations
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18.3 Foundations: stress distributions beneath variably loaded areas
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18.4 Techniques for incorporating variations in rock and site factors into the analyses
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Chapter 19. Underground excavation instability mechanisms
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19.1 Structurally-controlled instability mechanisms
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19.2 Stress-controlled instability mechanisms
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19.3 A note on time-dependency and weathering
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Chapter 20. Design and analysis of underground excavations
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20.1 Design against structurally-controlled instability
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20.2 Design against stress-controlled instability
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20.3 Integrated design procedures
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References
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Appendix A: Stress and strain analysis
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Appendix B: Hemispherical projection
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Index
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