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Enterprise Information Systems - 9th International Conference, ICEIS 2007, Funchal, Madeira, June 12-16, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
Title Page
2
Preface
5
Organization
7
Table of Contents
13
Invited Papers
13
Inter-enterprise System and Application Integration: A Reality Check
17
We Are Creating Our Own Problems, e.g., Current Standardization Efforts Are Only Increasing Complexity!
17
Find Out What Is Really Going on Before (re)Designing a System!
18
Do Not Specify More Than Strictly Needed!
18
Let’s Make Fuzziness Explicit!
18
The World Moved on
19
SaaS (Software as a Service)
19
Web 2.0
20
The World Really Moved on
21
Meaning of ‘Integration’
21
New World Order for Interactions Across Enterprise Information Systems in the Flat World
21
It Is an Illusion to Believe We Will Ever Solve All Interoperability Problems!
23
Understand the Driving Forces Before Integrating Systems!
24
Think in Long-Living Infrastructures!
24
This Was Just the Beginning!
25
Devise Conceptual “Nodes” Instead of “Leaves” Solutions!
25
Current EAI, WFM, and ERP Systems Are “Leaves”!
25
Is There Any Bright Future for EAI Solutions?
26
EAI Solutions Will Eventually Adopt and Use Semantics
27
Enterprise Application and Human Integration
27
References
28
The 4 x 4 Semantic Model: Exploiting Data, Functional, Non-functional and Execution Semantics Across Business Process,Workflow, Partner Services and Middleware Services Tiers
30
Introduction
30
Motivating Scenario
31
The \emph{4 $\times$ 4} Model
32
A Four-Tiered Approach to Business ProcessModeling
32
Four Types of Semantics
33
The \emph{4 $\times$ 4} Model
34
Realizing the \emph{4 $\times$ 4} Model Using Semantic Templates
35
Capturing the Semantics at Different Tiers Using Semantic Templates
36
The \emph{4 $\times$ 4} Model in Action during Modeling, Enactment and Execution
37
Conclusions
39
References
40
Challenges in Business Process Analysis
41
Introduction: The Role of Models
41
Analysis at Design-Time
44
Different Types of Analysis
44
Verification Techniques Have Become Mature!
44
Analysis at Run-Time
45
Process Discovery
46
Conformance Checking
47
Extension
47
ProcessMining and Simulation
48
Recommendation
48
The World Is Not a Petri Net!
49
Quality of Models
50
Towards Comprehensive Tool Support
52
Conclusions
53
References
54
Information Logistics in Networked Organizations: Selected Concepts and Applications
57
Introduction
57
Information Supply Challenges in Networked Organizations
58
Examples for Information Flow Problems
58
Categorizing Information Flow Problems
60
Information Logistics
60
How to Capture Information Demand?
62
How to Identify the Right Content for a Demand?
63
Information Logistics Applications
64
Summary
66
References
66
Service-Oriented Architecture: One Size Fits Nobody
69
Introduction
69
SOA Use Cases
69
SOA Requirements
71
SOA Revisited: Horizontal and Vertical Abstractions
71
Naïve SOA
72
Advanced SOA
72
Horizontal and Vertical SOA Abstractions
73
Horizontal SOA Layering
73
Vertical SOA Interfaces
75
Summary
76
Conclusions
76
References
76
Introducing an IT Capability Maturity Framework
77
Why a New Framework?
77
Theoretical Background
78
Theory for Continuous Improvement of IT Enabled Value in a Firm
79
Introducing an IT Capability Maturity Framework (IT CMF)
81
Describing the Capability Maturity Framework
83
Five Maturity Levels
83
Four Macro Processes
83
Research Results
88
Summary
91
References
91
Part I: Databases and Information Systems Integration
13
Incremental Transformation of Business Software
94
Introduction
94
Background
96
Component-Based Software Design
96
Business Software Transformation
97
Transformation Requirements
98
Transformation Process
99
SoftwareModes
99
Transformation Decisions
101
Resulting Software Systems
102
Transformation Toolset
104
Status of the Implementation
105
Conclusions
105
References
106
ERP Implementation Costs: A Preliminary Investigation
108
Introduction
108
Approach
109
Literature Survey
109
Cost Drivers for ERP Implementation
109
SCE: Development Costs of Made to Measure Software and Implementation Costs of Standard Software
111
Empirical Results
113
Results
115
Discussion and Conclusions
118
References
119
Enhancing Middleware Functionality by Virtualizing Adapters
121
Introduction
121
Example Scenario
122
Proposed Solution
122
Virtualization Tier
124
Processing VT Requests
125
Deployment Process
127
Evaluation
129
Applicability of the VT
129
Increased Flexibility
130
Related Work
131
Conclusions
132
References
133
On Handling One-to-Many Transformations in Relational Systems
134
Introduction
134
The Mapper Operator
136
Concrete Syntax
137
Specifying Filters
139
Optimization
139
Plan Selection
141
Experiments
141
Results
142
Related Work
144
Conclusions
145
References
146
Part II: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems
14
Named Entity Recognition in Biomedical Literature: A Comparison of Support Vector Machines and Conditional Random Fields
149
Introduction
149
Recognition System
150
Overview
150
Support Vector Machines
150
Conditional Random Fields
151
Data Representation
152
Feature Extraction
152
Results and Discussions
155
Experimental Purpose
155
Experimental Preparation
155
Experiments with Only Individual Features
155
Experiments by Adding Dynamic Features
156
Experiments by Adding Combinational Features
156
Further Analysis
157
Conclusions and Future Work
158
References
158
Key Elements Extraction in Online Collaborative Environments
160
Introduction
160
Keys Extraction by KEE
161
KEE Algorithm
161
Term Weight Assignment
162
Discussion Analysis by KEE
163
Discussion Dynamics Analysis
163
Social Network Analysis
165
Experiments
165
Key Terms Extraction
166
Discussion Dynamics Analysis
166
Social Network Extraction
169
Conclusions
170
Related Works
170
References
171
Automatic Knowledge Acquisition and Integration Technique: Application to Large Scale Taxonomy Extraction and Document Annotation
172
Introduction
172
Data-Driven Assignment of Fuzzy Relevance Measures in ANUIC
173
Application of Empirical Refinement to Taxonomy Acquisition
175
Clustering and Autonomous Annotation
175
Refinement by Integration
177
Selected Results of Taxonomy Acquisition
177
Extraction Phase and Its Initial Results
177
Improvement Obtained by Uncertain Conceptual Refinement
178
Automatic Document Annotation Method Proposal
180
Related Work
180
Conclusions and Future Work
181
References
182
Appendix
183
Solving Airline Operations Problems Using Specialized Agents in a Distributed Multi-Agent System
185
Introduction
185
Related Work
186
Airline Operations Recovery through an Multi-Agent System
188
General Description
188
Sub-organization Architecture
189
Example
191
Scenario and Experiments
192
Scenario
192
Results
193
Discussion and Conclusions
194
References
196
Part III: Information Systems Analysis and Specification
14
Case Handling Systems as Product BasedWorkflow Design Support
198
Introduction
198
Case Handling Systems
199
PBWD
201
Bill-of-Material (BOM)
201
Product DataModel (PDM)
202
The GAK Case
203
Assessment
204
Conclusions
207
References
208
Performing Business Process Redesign with Best Practices: An Evolutionary Approach
210
Introduction
210
Related Work
211
Evolutionary Approach
212
ProcessModel
213
ProcessMeasures
216
Condition Statements
217
Alternative Models
220
Evaluation of Alternatives
220
Conclusions and Outlook
221
References
221
Flexible Information Systems Development: Designing an Appropriate Methodology for Different Situations
223
Introduction
223
Research Question and Method
225
Tailoring Projects: Radar Diagrams
227
Testing the Design at Danske Bank
232
Conclusions
234
References
234
From User Context States to Context-Aware Applications
236
Introduction
236
Modeling Approach
238
The Health-Care Scenario
241
Business Modeling
242
Context Analysis Sub-phase
242
Structural Modeling Sub-phase
244
Behavioral Modeling and Service Identification Sub-phase
245
Application Modeling
246
Delimitation-Requirements Sub-phase
247
SOA Decisions Sub-phase
247
Application Design Sub-phase
248
Conclusions
248
References
250
A Balanced Approach to Developing the Enterprise Architecture Practice
251
Maturity in Enterprise Architecture
251
Architecture Maturity Matrix
253
Structure of the Architecture Maturity Matrix
253
Use of the Architecture Maturity Matrix
256
Case Studies
257
Case Study 1: A Manufacturing Company
257
Case Study 2: A Semi-governmental Organization
259
Discussion
261
Results and Matrix Adjustments
261
Lessons Learned
262
Conclusions and Further Research
263
References
263
A Business Process Modeling and Simulation Method Using DEMO
265
Introduction
265
Business Transactions
266
Application Guideline
269
Case Study: Pharmacy
271
Prescription Filling Process
271
Identification of Business Transactions
272
Simulating the Pharmacy Model
274
Conclusions
275
References
275
Shaping Mobile Applications for the Future
277
Introduction
277
Framework
278
Scenario Planning
279
Innovation Management
279
The Framework and Its Elements
280
Case: Current ICT Use
281
Case: New Opportunities
283
Discussion
284
Conclusions
285
References
286
Linking Requirements to EIS Specifications Using Correspondence Rules
287
Introduction
287
Requirements
288
Product Vision
288
Functional Perimeter
289
Requirements Modeling
290
Enterprise Viewpoint
291
System Concepts
292
Community Concepts
292
Policy Concepts
293
Linking Requirements to Enterprise Viewpoint
294
From Product Vision to Enterprise Viewpoint Concepts
294
From Functional Perimeter to Enterprise Viewpoint Concepts
294
From Requirements to Enterprise Viewpoint Concepts
294
Summary of Correspondences
294
Conclusions
295
References
296
A Property-Driven Approach to Formal Verification of Process Models
297
Introduction
297
Case Study: Process Model Validation
298
\textsc{SimplePDL}
298
Properties
299
Dynamic Informations and Property-Driven Approach
301
An Approach to Validation through Petri Nets and LTL
302
Characterising Properties
302
Characterising States
302
Extending the Metamodel to Represent Dynamic Information
302
Expressing Temporal Properties: Temporal OCL
303
Denotational Semantics to Petri Net and LTL
305
Models Validation and Feedback
307
Related Works
308
Models Semantics
308
Models Verification
308
Conclusions and Future Works
309
References
310
Part IV: Software Agents and Internet Computing
15
Bid Formation in a Combinatorial Auction for Logistics Services
313
Introduction
313
Combinatorial Auctions in Logistics
314
Functional and System Description of Functional and System Description of \textit{ComEx}
315
\textit{DynaRoute} Server
317
\textit{ComEx} Client
318
\textit{ComEx} Server
321
\textit{ComEx} Engine
322
The Impact of Clustering Process on Delivery Costs
322
Conclusions
324
References
324
A Fuzzy Logic Based Approach to Improve Cataloguing and Searching in e-Commerce Portals
326
Introduction
326
Portal Requirements
327
Cataloguing Items
329
Previous Concepts
330
Generation of the Catalogue
331
Search Process in the Catalogue
332
An Application Example
334
Conclusions
336
References
337
Summarizing Structured Documents through a Fractal Technique
338
Introduction
338
Structure in Summarization Techniques
339
Hierarchical Structure of a Text Document
339
Adaptation of Traditional Features
340
Fractal Summarization
342
Fractal View and First Approximation to Fractal Summarization
343
Enhanced Fractal Summarization
344
Fractal Dimension
344
Fractal Dimension of a Text Document
346
Fractal Summarization Algorithm
347
Experiments and Results
348
Conclusions
349
References
349
A Service Oriented Collaborative Distributed Learning Object Management System
351
Introduction
351
Related Work
353
CD-LOMAS Overview
354
The Proposed System
355
Supporting Cooperation and Collaboration
358
Handling Project and Object Permissions
359
Supporting Context Awareness
360
Integrating MOODLE and CD-LOMAS
361
Conclusions and Future Work
362
References
362
Part V: Human-Computer Interaction
15
A We–Centric Telecom Service for Police Officers to Support Communication
366
Introduction
366
We-Centric Services
367
Fieldwork with Police Officers
368
We-Centric Applications for Police Officers
369
Application Functionalities
369
Algorithm for Finding People
370
Small-Scale Test
371
Conclusions
372
References
374
Recognition of Human Voice Utterances from Facial Surface EMG without Using Audio Signals
375
Introduction
375
Theory
377
Face Movement and Muscles Related to Speech
377
Features of SEMG
378
Statistical Analysis Using Cross-Validation
378
Methodology
379
EMG Recording and Processing
379
Data Analysis
380
Classifying Normalized Features of Facial SEMG
381
Statistical Analysis of Classification Accuracy
382
Results and Observations
382
Variation in Classification Error for Native and Foreign Language
383
Discussion
384
Comparative Evaluation
384
Achievable Performance
385
Conclusions
385
References
386
Author Index
388
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