Materials Handbook - A Concise Desktop Reference

Dedication for the First Edition

Dedication for the Second Edition

Acknowledgements for the First Edition

Acknowledgements for the Second Edition

Units Policy

Author Biography

Contents

Introduction

Properties of Materials

1.1 Physical Properties

1.2 Mechanical Properties

1.3 Acoustical Properties

1.4 Thermal Properties

1.5 Optical Properties

1.6 Other Properties

1.7 Fundamental Constants

1.8 Conversion Factors

1.9 Further Reading

Ferrous Metals and Their Alloys

2.1 Iron and Steels

2.2 Nickel and Nickel Alloys

2.3 Cobalt and Cobalt Alloys

2.4 Manganese and Manganese-Based Alloys

Common Nonferrous Metals

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

3.3 Copper and Copper Alloys

3.4 Zinc and Zinc Alloys

3.5 Lead and Lead Alloys

3.6 Tin and Tin Alloys

3.7 Low-Melting-Point or Fusible Alloys

Less Common Nonferrous Metals

4.1 Alkali Metals

4.2 Alkaline-Earth Metals

4.3 Refractory Metals

4.4 Noble and Precious Metals

4.5 Platinum-Group Metals

4.6 Rare-Earth Metals

4.7 Uranides

Semiconductors

5.1 Band Theory of Bonding in Crystalline Solids

5.2 Electrical Classification of Solids

5.3 Semiconductor Classes

5.4 Concentrations of Charge Carriers

5.5 Transport Properties

5.6 Physical Properties of Semiconductors

5.7 Industrial Applications and Uses

5.8 Common Semiconductors

5.9 Semiconductor Wafer Processing

5.10 The P-N Junction

5.11 Further Reading

Superconductors

6.1 Description and General Properties

6.2 Superconductor Types

6.3 Basic Theory

6.4 Meissner–Ochsenfeld Effect

6.5 History

6.6 Industrial Applications and Uses

6.7 Further Reading

Magnetic Materials

7.1 Magnetic Physical Quantities

7.2 Classification of Magnetic Materials

7.3 Ferromagnetic Materials

7.4 Industrial Applications of Magnetic Materials

7.5 Further Reading

Insulators and Dielectrics

8.1 Physical Quantities of Dielectrics

8.2 Physical Properties of Insulators

8.3 Dielectric Behavior

8.4 Dielectric Breakdown Mechanisms

8.5 Electrostriction

8.6 Piezoelectricity

8.7 Ferroelectrics

8.8 Aging of Ferroelectrics

8.9 Classification of Industrial Dielectrics

8.10 Selected Properties of Insulators and Dielectric Materials

8.11 Further Reading

Miscellaneous Electrical Materials

9.1 Thermocouple Materials

9.2 Resistors and Thermistors

9.3 Electron-emitting Materials

9.4 Photocathode Materials

9.5 Secondary Emission

9.6 Electrolytes

9.7 Electrode Materials

9.8 Electrochemical Galvanic Series

Ceramics, Refractories, and Glasses

10.1 Introduction and Definitions

10.2 Raw Materials for Ceramics, Refractories and Glasses

10.3 Traditional Ceramics

10.4 Refractories

10.5 Advanced Ceramics

10.6 Standards for Testing Refractories

10.7 Properties of Pure Ceramics ( Borides, Carbides, Nitrides, Silicides, and Oxides)

10.8 Further Reading

10.9 Glasses

10.10 Proppants

Polymers and Elastomers

11.1 Fundamentals and Definitions

11.2 Properties and Characteristics of Polymers

11.3 Classification of Plastics and Elastomers

11.4 Thermoplastics

11.5 Thermosets

11.6 Rubbers and Elastomers

11.7 Physical Properties of Polymers

11.8 Gas Permeability of Polymers

11.9 Chemical Resistance of Polymers

11.10 IUPAC Acronyms of Polymers and Elastomers

11.11 Economic Data on Polymers and Related Chemical Intermediates

11.12 Further Reading

Minerals, Ores and Gemstones

12.1 Definitions

12.2 Mineralogical, Physical and Chemical Properties

12.3 Strunz Classification of Minerals

12.4 Dana’s Classification of Minerals

12.5 Gemstones

12.6 IMA Acronyms of Rock-forming Minerals

12.7 Mineral and Gemstone Properties Table

12.8 Mineral Synonyms

12.9 Further Reading

Rocks and Meteorites

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Structure of the Earth’s Interior

13.3 Different Type of Rocks

13.4 Igneous Rocks

13.5 Sedimentary Rocks

13.6 Metamorphic Rocks

13.7 Ice

13.8 Meteorites

13.9 Properties of Common Rocks

13.10 Further Reading

Soils and Fertilizers

14.1 Introduction

14.2 History

14.3 Pedogenesis

14.4 Soil Morphology

14.5 Soil Properties

14.6 Soil Taxonomy

14.7 Soil Identification

14.8 ISO and ASTM Standards

14.9 Physical Properties of Common Soils

14.10 Fertilizers

14.11 Further Reading

Cements, Concrete, Building Stones and Construction Materials

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Portland Cement

15.3 Aggregates

15.4 Mineral Admixtures

15.5 Mortars and Concrete

15.6 Ceramics for Construction

15.7 Building Stones

15.8 Further Reading

Timbers and Woods

16.1 General Description

16.2 Properties of Woods

16.3 Properties of Hardwoods and Softwoods

16.4 Applications

16.5 Wood Performance in Various Corrosives

16.6 Further Reading

Fuels, Propellants and Explosives

17.1 Introduction and Classification

17.2 Combustion Characteristics

17.3 Solid Fuels: Coals and Cokes

17.4 Liquid Fuels

17.5 Gaseous Fuels

17.6 Prices of Common Fuels

17.7 Propellants

17.8 Explosives

17.9 Further Reading

Composite Materials

18.1 Definitions

18.2 Properties of Composites

18.3 Fabrication Processes for Monofilaments

18.4 Reinforcement Materials

18.5 Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs)

18.6 Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)

18.7 Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)

18.8 Carbon–Carbon Composites (CCs)

18.9 Further Reading

Gases

19.1 Properties of Gases

19.2 Physico–Chemical Properties of Major Gases

19.3 Monographies on Major Industrial Gases

19.4 Halocarbons

19.5 Hydrates of Gases and Clathrates

19.6 Materials for Drying and Purifying Gases

19.7 Producers and Manufacturers of Major Industrial Gases

19.8 Further Reading

Liquids

20.1 Properties of Liquids

20.2 Properties of Most Common Liquids

20.3 Monographies on Liquids

20.4 Properties of Liquid Metals

20.5 Properties of Molten Salts

20.6 Properties of Heat Transfer Fluids

20.7 Colloidal and Dispersed Systems

20.8 Further Reading

Background Data for the Chemical Elements

A.1 Periodic Chart of the Elements

A.2 Historical Names of the Chemical Elements

A.3 UNS Standard Alphabetical Designation

A.4 Names of Transfermium Elements 101–110

A.5 Selected Physical Properties of the Elements

A.6 Geochemical Classification of the Elements

NIST Thermochemical Data for Pure Substances

Natural Radioactivity and Radionuclides

C.1 Introduction

C.2 Mononuclidic Elements

C.3 Nuclear Decay Series

C.4 Non-Series Primordial Radionuclides

C.5 Cosmogenic Radionuclides

C.6 NORM and TENORM

C.7 Activity Calculations

Crystallography and Crystallochemistry

D.1 Direct Space Lattice Parameters

D.2 Symmetry Elements

D.3 The Seven Crystal Systems

D.4 Conversion of a Rhombohedral to a Hexagonal Lattice

D.5 The 14 Bravais Space Lattices

D.6 Characteristics of Close-Packed Arrangements

D.7 The 32 Classes of Symmetry

D.8 Strukturbericht Structures

D.9 The 230 Space Groups

D.10 Crystallographic Calculations

D.11 Interplanar Spacing

D.12 Reciprocal Lattice Unit Cell

Transparent Materials for Optical Windows

Corrosion Resistance of Materials Towards Various Corrosive Media

Economic Data for Metals, Industrial Minerals and Electricity

G.1 Prices of Pure Elements

G.2 World Annual Production of Commodities

G.3 Economic Data for Industrial Minerals

G.4 Prices of Electricity in Various Countries

Geological Time Scale

Materials Societies

Bibliography

1 General Desk References

2 Dictionaries and Encyclopedias

3 Comprehensive Series in Material Sciences

Index