Internet Governance, Cyber Power and Transnational Cyber Power Diffusion

Essay from the year 2013 in the subject Communications - Multimedia, Internet, New Technologies, grade: 1,3, University of Pompeu Fabra (Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals (IBEI)), course: Global Governance, language: English, abstract: During the last two decades, a revolution of the Internet has been witnessed, leading to significant changes in our society. These changes, especially regarding availability and dissemination of information, are well comparable to Johannes von Gutenberg's invention of the letterpress in the fifteenth century. The governance and maintenance of the Internet asks for considerable efforts by powerful state actors, notably the United States of America. However, the degree of Internet-usage is marked by a power-shift from state to non-state actors. Regarding this issue, during an IBEI-lecture about 'Communication and Education in International Relations', César de Prado used the term 'Transnational Cyber Power Diffusion' (De Prado, 2013), inspired by Joseph Nye's (2010) concept of 'Cyber Power'. This paper seeks to explain who is in charge of Internet governance, how power within cyberspace is wielded, and what it may mean for future developments. In order to achieve this, the structure of this paper is fourfold. First of all, a short introduction is given, outlining the history of the Internet's creation. Afterwards, the matter of Internet governance is dealt with, connecting it to several aspects of Joseph Nye's Cyber Power concept. In a third step, a case study is presented, examining two relevant non-state actors, -Wikileaks and Anonymous-, aiming at systematically fitting them into context. Finally, the findings are summarized, analyzed and framed into an application of the concept of 'Transnational Cyber Power Diffusion'.