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Preface: The Hispanic Labor Force and the Employment-Based Welfare State
5
The Absence of Employment Benefits
6
The Social Safety Net Across the Life Course
7
An Outline of the Following Chapters
8
Acknowledgement
11
Contents
12
1 Hispanic Workers and the Employment-Based Welfare State
14
The Modern Welfare State
15
US Exceptionalism: A Limited Welfare State
6
Hispanics and the Retirement Wage
7
Falling Through the Cracks
8
Health Insurance Coverage
23
Public Program Participation
24
The Long-Term Consequences of Hispanic Exclusion
26
2 The Latin Americanization of the US Labor Force
29
Multiculturalism and Diversity
30
Incorporation or Permanent Marginality?
32
Characteristics of the Hispanic Population
33
Pathways to Higher Education
38
Educational Barriers to the Professions
42
The Core Barrier to Group Mobility
43
3 Parental Employment and Childrens Security
46
Economic Vulnerability and Childrens Well-Being
47
The Earned Income Tax Credit
48
Public Assistance Programs
49
Health Insurance: Medicaid and SCHIP
51
Private Employment-Based Health Coverage
52
The Future of Our Nation
56
4 Employment and Benefits for Working-Age Hispanic Males
58
Employment Characteristics
59
Retirement Coverage
61
Health Insurance
63
The Weakness of the Male Breadwinner
68
Trapped at the Bottom
70
5 Family, Work, and Benefits for Hispanic Women
72
The Decline of the Family
75
Gender, Hispanic Ethnicity, and Access to Benefits
76
Marriage as a Source of Benefit Coverage
79
Employment as a Source of Benefit Coverage
81
Work and Retirement Security
81
Social Security
83
Health Insurance
84
Mother, Worker, and Still No Benefits
84
The Rise of the Female Breadwinner
87
6 Income and Health-Care Insecurity Amongthe Mexican-Origin Elderly
90
Preretirement-Age Hispanics: Asset Poor
93
Wealth
94
Income
96
Social Security
99
Health Insurance
100
The Lack of Medigap Coverage
102
Long-Term Care
104
Medicaid and Long-Term Care
105
Information and Outreach for Older Adults
109
Future Possibilities and Limitations
109
7 Segmented Labor Markets, Segmented Lives: Hispanic Workers and the Employment-Based Welfare State
111
The Need for a Comprehensive Welfare State
112
Framing the Problem: A More Effective Public Discourse
114
Framing a New Discourse of Inclusion
116
Group Identity and Incorporation
118
Civil Society, Multiculturalism, and Active Citizenship
120
The Central Role of Higher Education
121
Individual and Group Mobility, the Welfare State, and the American Future
124
References
126
Subject Index
142
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