The Economics of Immigration - Theory and Policy

Preface

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to Immigration Economics

1.1 The Late Twentieth Century Immigration Explosion

1.2 The Determinants of Immigration

1.3 A Brief History of Immigration

1.4 There are Many Types of Immigrants

1.5 The Purpose and Organization of this Book

References

Part I Immigration Theory and Evidence

Modeling Immigration

I.1 The Basic Labor Market Model of Immigration

I.2 Who Gains and who Loses with Immigration?

I.3 Building on the Basic Labor Market Model

Chapter 2 The Determinants of International Migration: Theory

Chapter Overview

2.1 The Theory of Internal Migration

2.2 The Economic Theory of Immigration

2.3 The Family or Household as the Decision-Making Unit

2.4 Summary and Conclusions

References

Chapter 3 Why People Immigrate: The Evidence

Chapter Overview

3.1 Regression Models of Immigration

3.2 The Choice of Variables in Statistical Models of Immigration

3.3 The Empirical Evidence on the Determinants of Migration

3.4 Summary and Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 4 Who Immigrates? Theory and Evidence

Chapter Overview

4.1 Immigrant Selection: The Chiswick Vs. Borjas Debate

4.2 Extensions of the Borjas Model

4.3 The Empirical Evidence on Immigrant Selectivity

4.4 The Asymmetric Information Model

4.5 The Theory of Immigrant Assimilation

4.6 Addressing Borjas’ Critique

4.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 5 The Effects of Immigration on the Destination Economy: The Theory

Chapter Overview

5.1 The Macro Effects of Immigration

5.2 Detailing the Distributional Effects of Immigration

5.3 Long-Run Adjustment Processes

5.4 The Demand Effect of Immigration

5.5 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 6 How Immigration Impacts the Destination Economy: The Evidence

Introduction

6.1 The Spatial Correlation Method

6.2 The Production Function Method

6.3 The Skill Cell Approach

6.4 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 7 Estimating Immigration’s Impact: Accounting for all Adjustments

Chapter Introduction

7.1 Does Immigration Trigger Internal Migration?

7.2 Migration Biases Estimates of Immigration’s Wage Effect

7.3 Does Immigration Change Industry Structure?

7.4 Measuring the Demand Effects of Immigration

7.6 The Costs of Government Services for Immigrants

7.7 Immigration’s External Effects

7.8 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 8 Immigration and the Source Country

8.1 Remittances and Demand Effects in the Source Country

8.2 What We Know About Immigrant Remittances

8.3 Negative Externalities from Agglomeration

8.4 Immigration and Technology Transfers, Investment, and Trade

8.5 The Brain Drain

8.6 A Reassessment of the Brain Drain

8.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 9 Economic Growth and Immigration

9.1 The Early Models of Economic Growth

9.2 The Solow Growth Model

9.3 Immigration and Technological Progress

9.4 Immigration in the Schumpeterian Model

9.5 Protectionism, Creative Destruction, and Immigration

9.6 Growth Effects of Immigration in the Source Country

9.7 The Brain Drain Again

9.8 Summary and Conclusions

Appendix: An Alternative Mathematical Schumpeterian Model

A.1 Innovation and Profit

A.2 The Equilibrium Level of Entrepreneurial Activity

A.3 The Equilibrium Rate of Technological Progress

References

Part II Immigration Issues and Cases

Chapter 10 Temporary Immigration, Involuntary Immigration, and Other Variations on the Standard Model

Chapter Overview

10.1 Return Immigration

10.2 Temporary Immigration

10.3 Analyzing Temporary Migration

10.4 Asylum Seekers and Refugees

10.5 Involuntary Immigration

10.6 Summary and Conclusions

References

Chapter 11 Unauthorized Immigration

Introduction

11.1 Estimating Unauthorized Immigration

11.2 How Many Unauthorized Immigrants are There?

11.3 Some Characteristics of Unauthorized Immigrants

11.4 The Economic Analysis of Unauthorized Immigration

11.5 The Fiscal Costs and Benefits of Unauthorized Immigration

11.6 Unauthorized Immigration: Policy Options

11.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 12 Hispanic Immigration to the United States

12.1 The Characteristics of Hispanic Immigration

12.2 Assimilation

12.3 Geographic Diffusion

12.4 Explaining Hispanic Immigration

12.5 Future Hispanic Immigration

12.6 Conclusions

References

Part III

III.1 The Goals of Immigration Policy

III.2 Classifying Immigration Policies

Chapter 13 Immigration Policy in the United States

Chapter Overview

13.1 Early Immigration Policy

13.2 The Latter Half of the Nineteenth Century

13.3 The Shift in Policy in the Early Twentieth Century

13.4 Post World War II Immigration Policy

13.5 Recent United States Immigration Policy

13.6 Post 9/11 Immigration Policy

13.7 Summary and Conclusions

References

Chapter 14 Immigration Policy in Canada

Chapter Overview

14.1 Overview of Immigration Policy in Canada

14.2 Canadian Immigration Policy in the Twentieth Century

14.3 Canada’s Immigration Policy Today

14.4 Some Final Observations

References

Chapter 15 Immigration Policy in Europe

Chapter Overview

15.1 European Migration During the Colonial Era

15.2 The Post-World War II Period

15.3 The Interesting Case of Ireland

15.4 Recent Immigration Policy in Spain

15.6 Can Immigration Solve the Demographic Burden?

15.7 Conclusions

References

Chapter 16 Conclusions and Final Observations

Chapter Overview

16.1 Immigration: A Fundamental Economic Phenomenon

16.2 We Must Think Outside our Little Boxes

16.3 An Appeal to Holism

16.4 Developing International Institutions

for an International Phenomenon

16.5 Final Comment

References